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Medium risk #10 Concentration

Supplier concentration (HHI)

Markets where an authority's money went to a few suppliers, although the country had hundreds.

The Herfindahl-Hirschman index (HHI) shows how concentrated a market is: 10,000 means a single supplier; the lower it is, the more suppliers share the money. Here a market is one authority, one CPV group and one year. The CPV group matters: over all of an authority's suppliers the index would measure what it bought, not who it bought from. The same authority can have competition for fuel and a single supplier for IT services.

Flagged markets

649

Money in flagged markets

51.28 Bn.

Mean index (money-weighted)

9,013

Flagged markets by year

Years marked * are not fully covered by the data: 2018, 2026.

Concentrated money, by CPV group

The 12 largest CPV groups by value; the other 101 are added into a single tile.

National concentration index by year

The index, like the rate in the year chart, is computed on every market checked, not only the flagged ones.

How it is computed

The index is computed per market, not per authority, and only on money spent.

  1. Every award in the three streams (tenders, direct purchases and offline purchases) since 2018 is taken.
  2. Each award gets its CPV group (three digits), supplier and year: the contract date for tenders, the finalisation date for the others. A contract over several lots is split by estimated value; an association's contract is split among its members.
  3. Money is added up by authority, CPV group, year and supplier. Each market is also tested once over the whole period, on the money of every year together, where a supplier present in three years holds one share.
  4. The index is the sum of the squared supplier shares, times 10,000. The lowest possible value is 10,000 divided by the number of awards.
  5. Only markets large enough are included: above the money and award thresholds. A market with three awards cannot go below 3,333, however fairly it was shared.
  6. Markets with an index above the threshold are flagged, if the country had enough suppliers in the CPV group for a choice to exist.

Thresholds

  • Flagging threshold: an HHI of at least 7,000
  • At least 10 awards in a year, 30 over the whole period
  • At least 500,000 RON in a year, 3,000,000 RON over the whole period
  • At least 20 suppliers active in the CPV group nationally

The index says nothing about lawfulness: a concentrated market can come from fair tenders won by the same bidder every time. Markets below the thresholds above are left out, and framework agreements are excluded.

The CPV group approximates the market. Some groups are local monopolies (waste, water, district heating), where the national supplier count overstates the buyer's real choice, and the indicator will flag them. The Suppliers in the market column helps recognise them.

The full explanation, on the methodology page

The whole period is not the sum of the years. Each market is tested once more, on the money of every year together: supplier shares are taken over the whole period, and the floors are higher (30 awards and 3,000,000 RON). A market can be flagged in a year without being flagged over the whole period, for example when one supplier took everything in one year but shared the market in the others. Choose a year to see the markets flagged in it.

Contracting authority CPV group Year Spent Awards Suppliers used Suppliers in market HHI Leading supplier
SPITALUL JUDETEAN DE URGENTA DR CONSTANTIN ANDREOIU PLOIESTI CUI: 2844545 983 Whole period 6,094,672 5,429,400 657,065 8,207 39 16,828 7,957 SALESIANER MIETTEX SRL CUI: 17480221 89.1%
SALESIANER MIETTEX SRL CUI: 17480221 89.1% TUNIC PROD SRL CUI: 3573061 3.6% RADLIV SOLUTIONS SRL CUI: 20827356 2.1% TEHNO ELECTRO MEDICAL COMPANY SRL CUI: 217930 1.2% KILL PEST SRL CUI: 26371347 0.8% 15 further suppliers 3.2%
SPITALUL CLINIC MUNICIPAL DE URGENTA TIMISOARA CUI: 4483447 983 Whole period 6,089,617 5,936,550 108,754 44,313 49 16,828 9,787 ECOMEDCLEAN SRL CUI: 32196461 98.9%
ECOMEDCLEAN SRL CUI: 32196461 98.9% BCB - TEDY CONSTRUCT SRL CUI: 44276920 0.3% SIEMENS HEALTHCARE SRL CUI: 36153005 0.2% LINDE GAZ ROMANIA SRL CUI: 8721959 0.1% NILLKIN COVER STORE SRL CUI: 41822823 0.1% 17 further suppliers 0.4%
ORASUL CERNAVODA CUI: 4304568 331 Whole period 6,050,940 5,893,245 156,484 1,211 65 9,757 8,586 DYOMEDICA CND SRL CUI: 22112765 92.6%
DYOMEDICA CND SRL CUI: 22112765 92.6% BIOMEDICA MEDIZINPRODUKTE ROMANIA SRL CUI: 31101676 2.7% EYECON MEDICAL SRL CUI: 14923065 2.1% DONIMAS SRL CUI: 41754575 0.8% NEOMED SRL CUI: 8728108 0.4% 30 further suppliers 1.5%
SPITALUL CLINIC DE BOLI INFECTIOASE SI PNEUMOFTIZIOLOGIE VICTOR BABES CRAIOVA CUI: 4417060 351 Whole period 5,997,339 5,856,971 140,368 30 8,974 7,305 DELUXE MEDICRAFTS SRL CUI: 18035010 84.5%
DELUXE MEDICRAFTS SRL CUI: 18035010 84.5% ARTISANA MEDICAL SRL CUI: 22742850 13.1% ZETMAN KRAFT SRL CUI: 33028695 0.8% NETIX COMPUTERS SRL CUI: 11737084 0.7% STIP PRODEXPO SRL CUI: 6556286 0.6% 3 further suppliers 0.4%
SPITALUL JUDETEAN DE URGENTA CUI: 4253650 601 Whole period 5,957,238 5,830,715 74,480 52,043 140 8,118 9,982 MULTI ACTIVE SERVICE SRL CUI: 24977720 99.9%
MULTI ACTIVE SERVICE SRL CUI: 24977720 99.9% ANDA DIVERS SRL CUI: 31495805 0.1% FAN COURIER EXPRESS SRL CUI: 13838336 0.0% CARGUS SRL CUI: 3541906 0.0% DSC EXPRES LOGISTIC SRL CUI: 29255819 0.0% 2 further suppliers 0.0%
TRIBUNALUL BISTRITA-NASAUD CUI: 4426832 641 Whole period 5,950,336 5,949,151 1,185 53 1,062 9,996 COMPANIA NATIONALA POSTA ROMANA SA CUI: 427410 100.0%
COMPANIA NATIONALA POSTA ROMANA SA CUI: 427410 100.0% COPROT SRL CUI: 62461 0.0% MIRON-CONSTRUCT SRL CUI: 14598991 0.0% FAN COURIER EXPRESS SRL CUI: 13838336 0.0% ELECTRO ALFA CM SRL CUI: 17005541 0.0% 1 further suppliers 0.0%
MUNICIPIUL SEBES CUI: 4331201 302 Whole period 5,841,639 4,660,761 904,461 276,417 43 9,704 8,795 INFOGRUP SRL CUI: 8266084 93.7%
INFOGRUP SRL CUI: 8266084 93.7% SUSTAINABLE URBAN MOBILITY SOLUTIONS SRL CUI: 41280110 4.0% MINDSOFT IT SOLUTIONS SRL CUI: 43164376 1.2% PROLED DISTRIBUTION SRL CUI: 32087286 1.0% GIOVANI MOCO SRL CUI: 10967174 0.1% 1 further suppliers 0.0%
SERVICIUL JUDETEAN DE AMBULANTA IALOMITA CUI: 7639762 501 Whole period 5,805,898 5,120,399 360,941 324,558 306 13,073 7,807 SIMSERV SRL CUI: 2071822 88.3%
SIMSERV SRL CUI: 2071822 88.3% MIDOCAR SRL CUI: 4992254 2.2% BT AUTO TRANS SRL CUI: 17571010 1.3% DEPANONSTOP 77 SRL CUI: 39529121 1.3% AVANT MARIS MEDICAL SRL CUI: 33368760 1.2% 16 further suppliers 5.8%
MUNICIPIUL ROMAN CUI: 2613583 393 Whole period 5,786,645 5,559,640 227,005 57 3,631 8,723 TECHNO VOLT SRL CUI: 11997742 93.3%
TECHNO VOLT SRL CUI: 11997742 93.3% NET CHIT COMPUTERS SRL CUI: 14616109 2.8% MAXIGEL SRL CUI: 6219272 2.4% DEDEMAN SRL CUI: 2816464 0.7% SPLENDID-SERVICE SRL CUI: 4014904 0.7% 2 further suppliers 0.2%
DIRECTIA GENERALA DE ASISTENTA SOCIALA SI PROTECTIA COPILULUI CUI: 16762887 351 Whole period 5,767,385 5,636,154 131,231 42 8,974 8,328 ATLAS MEDICAL SRL CUI: 42958255 91.1%
ATLAS MEDICAL SRL CUI: 42958255 91.1% DECAS SRL CUI: 23553077 4.4% NERAMO DISTRIBUTION SRL CUI: 16174216 2.3% FIRE & RESCUE SERVICES SRL CUI: 26980200 0.6% INSTAL SOMET SA CUI: 6653904 0.4% 19 further suppliers 1.2%
SANATORIUL BALNEAR SI DE RECUPERARE TECHIRGHIOL CUI: 4300868 384 Whole period 5,719,916 5,584,000 135,916 53 5,086 9,531 EDICENA MEDICAL SRL CUI: 42557636 97.6%
EDICENA MEDICAL SRL CUI: 42557636 97.6% DE MARCA SOLUTIONS SRL CUI: 44951717 0.8% MEDICAL ELECTRONIC SERVICE SRL CUI: 17320670 0.4% AVENA MEDICA SRL CUI: 24684380 0.3% BIOSYSTEMS DIAGNOSTIC SRL CUI: 17167080 0.3% 9 further suppliers 0.6%
DIRECTIA GENERALA DE ASISTENTA SOCIALA CUI: 35804563 798 Whole period 5,694,882 5,533,440 130,615 30,827 33 4,093 9,979 UP ROMANIA SRL CUI: 14774435 99.9%
UP ROMANIA SRL CUI: 14774435 99.9% GAMA INK SERVICE SRL CUI: 17741882 0.1% HIGMUNTENIA SRL CUI: 1863514 0.0%
SERVICIUL PUBLIC DE ADMINISTRAREA PATRIMONIULUI CUI: 16029704 453 Whole period 5,672,131 3,450,603 2,221,528 37 15,874 9,912 ELIO INDUSTRIAL SRL CUI: 1771720 99.6%
ELIO INDUSTRIAL SRL CUI: 1771720 99.6% INFOGRUP SRL CUI: 8266084 0.4% APA-CTTA SA CUI: 1755482 0.0% INSTALATORUL COMERT GRUP SRL CUI: 40887239 0.0%
INSTITUTUL NATIONAL DE RECUPERARE MEDICINA FIZICA SI BALNEOCLIMATOLOGIE CUI: 4266006 722 Whole period 5,669,243 4,895,055 774,188 43 6,623 7,095 VIV SOFT&TRADE SRL CUI: 38781537 83.6%
VIV SOFT&TRADE SRL CUI: 38781537 83.6% GENIUS IT SOLUTIONS SRL CUI: 32160859 8.4% INFO WORLD SRL CUI: 13373052 5.7% SECURE EXPERT SOFTWARE SRL CUI: 24167740 2.2% AS-COMPUTER BUCURESTI SRL CUI: 6612114 0.2%
ADMINISTRATIA SERVICIULUI PUBLIC DE SALUBRIZARE SECTOR 6 CUI: 46259209 349 Whole period 5,652,385 4,815,200 837,185 34 18,115 7,340 CTE SOLUTION - UTILAJE SPECIALIZATE SRL CUI: 26234021 85.4%
CTE SOLUTION - UTILAJE SPECIALIZATE SRL CUI: 26234021 85.4% BOUTAGHANE CONSULTING SRL CUI: 32670785 4.9% BILTRADE IMPEX SRL CUI: 38946830 4.8% EUROMBEST BUSINESS SRL CUI: 34326002 1.8% GRADINARIU IMPORT EXPORT SRL CUI: 5348490 1.3% 7 further suppliers 1.9%
TRANSPORT URBAN DE CALATORI SA CUI: 10152871 091 Whole period 5,574,704 5,526,269 48,435 120 3,101 9,908 COSMO GAZ PRO SRL CUI: 17797883 99.5%
COSMO GAZ PRO SRL CUI: 17797883 99.5% OMV PETROM MARKETING SRL CUI: 11201891 0.2% CORENAN WOODGREEN SRL CUI: 42135135 0.1% WOOD EXPLO FOREST SRL CUI: 33952016 0.1% LUKOIL ROMANIA SRL CUI: 10547022 0.0% 6 further suppliers 0.1%
SPITALUL JUDETEAN DE URGENTA CALARASI DR POMPEI SAMARIAN CUI: 3233078 241 Whole period 5,571,105 4,785,103 786,002 52 1,197 9,859 LINDE GAZ ROMANIA SRL CUI: 8721959 99.3%
LINDE GAZ ROMANIA SRL CUI: 8721959 99.3% DONAU TERMO SRL CUI: 26594209 0.3% EVOREVO SRL CUI: 32761476 0.3% VISTIM SRL CUI: 14119126 0.2% CYP IMPEX SRL CUI: 13455993 0.0%
UTILITATI PUBLICE-GOSPODARIA COMUNALA SRL CUI: 30860945 091 Whole period 5,547,719 5,287,373 241,407 18,939 140 3,101 9,305 ALMATAR TRANS SRL CUI: 13573930 96.5%
ALMATAR TRANS SRL CUI: 13573930 96.5% KARINA SEA 98 SRL CUI: 11393851 1.2% ARABESQUE SRL CUI: 5340801 0.7% FITOCENTER SRL CUI: 14916700 0.7% MAX SRL CUI: 3697680 0.4% 7 further suppliers 0.6%
OCOLUL SILVIC RASINARI RA CUI: 16727448 772 Whole period 5,526,145 834,765 4,691,380 40 5,270 7,275 MARINA - EXPORT - FOREST SRL CUI: 24834038 85.0%
MARINA - EXPORT - FOREST SRL CUI: 24834038 85.0% PINU IMPORT EXPORT SRL CUI: 5098342 4.4% CEMBRA FOREST SRL CUI: 3782882 4.3% POPAS CENTER SRL CUI: 38604403 2.6% FOREST DESIGN SRL CUI: 16357175 2.4% 1 further suppliers 1.4%
SPITALUL JUDETEAN DE URGENTA TARGOVISTE CUI: 4206845 241 Whole period 5,498,625 4,503,631 994,994 120 1,197 8,103 MESSER ROMANIA GAZ SRL CUI: 10547308 89.8%
MESSER ROMANIA GAZ SRL CUI: 10547308 89.8% AIR PRODUCTS ROMANIA SRL CUI: 35261416 6.2% UNIGAZ SRL CUI: 5247363 2.7% SIAD ROMANIA SRL CUI: 8184529 0.6% VISTIM SRL CUI: 14119126 0.3% 6 further suppliers 0.5%
ORASUL CERNAVODA CUI: 4304568 392 Whole period 5,490,672 4,747,831 355,281 387,560 142 16,095 7,504 EURO-AUDIT SERVICE SRL CUI: 16869469 86.5%
EURO-AUDIT SERVICE SRL CUI: 16869469 86.5% RIK SRL CUI: 1889794 3.7% METALBAC INTERNATIONAL SRL CUI: 22250504 2.0% DOCAN LILIANA INTREPRINDERE INDIVIDUALA CUI: 21283171 1.7% SOFTI COMPACT ACTIV SRL CUI: 33040591 1.6% 29 further suppliers 4.6%
UNITATEA DE LOGISTICA SI ACHIZITII CENTRALIZATE A POLITIEI PENITENCIARE CUI: 4193079 181 Whole period 5,470,517 5,410,669 54,486 5,362 206 6,717 7,124 TACTICA OUTDOOR SRL CUI: 34994508 83.9%
TACTICA OUTDOOR SRL CUI: 34994508 83.9% DOLEX COM SRL CUI: 6670360 7.6% DONIMAS SRL CUI: 41754575 4.7% ALISON HAYES ROMANIA SRL CUI: 5222849 0.8% RADOX SRL CUI: 18992106 0.8% 26 further suppliers 2.2%
SPITALUL JUDETEAN DE URGENTA TARGOVISTE CUI: 4206845 722 Whole period 5,453,309 3,944,300 1,509,009 36 6,623 7,938 ROMANIAN SOFT COMPANY SRL CUI: 13591111 88.9%
ROMANIAN SOFT COMPANY SRL CUI: 13591111 88.9% ROMACTIV BUSINESS CONSULTING SRL CUI: 15203674 4.4% PIXELDATA SRL CUI: 16381432 2.3% SMS FEEDBACK SRL CUI: 39565485 1.8% ASOCIATIA PENTRU CALITATE IN LABORATOARE CALILAB CUI: 19024175 1.2% 8 further suppliers 1.4%
TRANSPORT CALATORI EXPRESS SA CUI: 1355770 797 Whole period 5,438,132 1,441,380 2,719 3,994,033 45 2,022 9,899 SPARTA GUARD SECURITY SRL CUI: 18687242 99.5%
SPARTA GUARD SECURITY SRL CUI: 18687242 99.5% BRD - GROUPE SOCIETE GENERALE SA - BUCURESTI SUCURSALA PLOIESTI CUI: 1364859 0.3% UPABLE TECH SRL CUI: 52170881 0.1% RECOP RECYCLING SRL CUI: 31066129 0.1% BANCA COMERCIALA ROMANA SA CUI: 361757 0.0% 3 further suppliers 0.1%
MUZEUL TARII CRISURILOR ORADEA - COMPLEX MUZEAL CUI: 4287858 391 Whole period 5,425,452 4,907,831 513,232 4,389 32 12,698 8,204 OVO DESIGN FURNITURE GROUP SRL CUI: 6844688 90.5%
OVO DESIGN FURNITURE GROUP SRL CUI: 6844688 90.5% CALYX GRAPHIC SRL CUI: 15439242 3.1% CORVUS PROJECT SRL CUI: 51166343 3.0% MULTINET SRL CUI: 5783680 1.2% METAL DOORS CONCEPT SRL CUI: 40109164 1.1% 15 further suppliers 1.2%

426-450 of 649 results

Rows per page: 25 50 100
Contracting authority
The authority that spent. The name leads to its profile.
CPV group
The three-digit CPV group: the market the index is computed on.
Year
The year the market was tested in. Whole period is a separate test on the money of every year together, with higher floors; it is not the sum of the years, and a market flagged in a year can be missing from it.
Spent
The money spent in this market. Underneath, by stream (tenders, direct, offline), each linked to the listing it was computed from.
Awards
How many awards the market holds. The lowest possible index depends on it: 10,000 divided by this number.
Suppliers used
How many suppliers were paid. Click the figure to list them under the row, with each one's share.
Suppliers in market
How many suppliers sold in this CPV group across the country that year. A high index with five suppliers nationally is the market; with nine hundred, it is a choice.
HHI
The sum of the squared shares, times 10,000: 10,000 means a single supplier. The hint beside the figure shows the lowest possible value for the number of awards.
Leading supplier
The supplier with the largest share, and its share. The supplier filter searches every supplier in the market.

The same data, through the API

Every figure on this page comes from the public API, through the endpoints below. The parameters each one takes are in the documentation; each needs an access key.

  • /api/v1/red-flags/concentrare/distribution
  • /api/v1/red-flags/concentrare
  • /api/v1/red-flags/concentrare/years
  • /api/v1/red-flags/overview/years
  • /api/v1/red-flags/concentrare/cpv-spend

Open data and API