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Medium risk #10 Concentration

Supplier concentration (HHI)

Markets where an authority's money went to a few suppliers, although the country had hundreds.

The Herfindahl-Hirschman index (HHI) shows how concentrated a market is: 10,000 means a single supplier; the lower it is, the more suppliers share the money. Here a market is one authority, one CPV group and one year. The CPV group matters: over all of an authority's suppliers the index would measure what it bought, not who it bought from. The same authority can have competition for fuel and a single supplier for IT services.

Flagged markets

649

Money in flagged markets

51.28 Bn.

Mean index (money-weighted)

9,013

Flagged markets by year

Years marked * are not fully covered by the data: 2018, 2026.

Concentrated money, by CPV group

The 12 largest CPV groups by value; the other 101 are added into a single tile.

National concentration index by year

The index, like the rate in the year chart, is computed on every market checked, not only the flagged ones.

How it is computed

The index is computed per market, not per authority, and only on money spent.

  1. Every award in the three streams (tenders, direct purchases and offline purchases) since 2018 is taken.
  2. Each award gets its CPV group (three digits), supplier and year: the contract date for tenders, the finalisation date for the others. A contract over several lots is split by estimated value; an association's contract is split among its members.
  3. Money is added up by authority, CPV group, year and supplier. Each market is also tested once over the whole period, on the money of every year together, where a supplier present in three years holds one share.
  4. The index is the sum of the squared supplier shares, times 10,000. The lowest possible value is 10,000 divided by the number of awards.
  5. Only markets large enough are included: above the money and award thresholds. A market with three awards cannot go below 3,333, however fairly it was shared.
  6. Markets with an index above the threshold are flagged, if the country had enough suppliers in the CPV group for a choice to exist.

Thresholds

  • Flagging threshold: an HHI of at least 7,000
  • At least 10 awards in a year, 30 over the whole period
  • At least 500,000 RON in a year, 3,000,000 RON over the whole period
  • At least 20 suppliers active in the CPV group nationally

The index says nothing about lawfulness: a concentrated market can come from fair tenders won by the same bidder every time. Markets below the thresholds above are left out, and framework agreements are excluded.

The CPV group approximates the market. Some groups are local monopolies (waste, water, district heating), where the national supplier count overstates the buyer's real choice, and the indicator will flag them. The Suppliers in the market column helps recognise them.

The full explanation, on the methodology page

The whole period is not the sum of the years. Each market is tested once more, on the money of every year together: supplier shares are taken over the whole period, and the floors are higher (30 awards and 3,000,000 RON). A market can be flagged in a year without being flagged over the whole period, for example when one supplier took everything in one year but shared the market in the others. Choose a year to see the markets flagged in it.

Contracting authority CPV group Year Spent Awards Suppliers used Suppliers in market HHI Leading supplier
COMUNA FARCASA CUI: 3694632 142 Whole period 5,423,009 4,743,687 679,322 138 4,002 9,537 TRUCK SPED SRL CUI: 3811082 97.6%
TRUCK SPED SRL CUI: 3811082 97.6% BOBOC TRANS SRL CUI: 16748769 2.2% TEM - CONSTRUCTIONS SRL CUI: 22315816 0.2%
SPITALUL DE PNEUMOFTIZIOLOGIE CUI: 14835931 453 Whole period 5,417,980 4,817,153 600,827 47 15,874 7,939 ELPROEX SA CUI: 6798220 88.9%
ELPROEX SA CUI: 6798220 88.9% INSTAL-CON SRL CUI: 9871768 4.6% R & Z ASCON SRL CUI: 28093220 2.9% BIARAL SRL CUI: 14957270 1.9% REALITY CONNECT SYSTEM SECURITY SRL CUI: 29854966 0.5% 8 further suppliers 1.2%
COMPANIA NATIONALA DE CAI FERATE CFR SA BUCURESTI SUCURSALA REGIONALA DE CAI FERATE CLUJ CUI: 15586731 301 Whole period 5,416,453 5,019,944 37,674 358,835 297 14,127 8,608 MIDA SOFT BUSINESS SRL CUI: 16005870 92.7%
MIDA SOFT BUSINESS SRL CUI: 16005870 92.7% SUPREMOFFICE SRL CUI: 15241139 4.2% SAMARTICOM SRL CUI: 11163755 0.5% MIRROR GROUP PRINT SRL CUI: 35371761 0.4% GENERAL PREST SRL CUI: 18869490 0.3% 43 further suppliers 1.9%
INSPECTORATUL PENTRU SITUATII DE URGENTA DEALUL SPIRII BUCURESTI-ILFOV CUI: 33949746 452 Whole period 5,396,413 4,896,244 500,169 84 29,228 8,251 CONTEAM SRL CUI: 449060 90.7%
CONTEAM SRL CUI: 449060 90.7% NEOTRON TRADE SRL CUI: 36103678 3.3% MAGIC VIEW SRL CUI: 17899077 2.5% GDM MENTENANTA SI SERVICII SRL CUI: 33583326 0.7% ANTARIA 2001 SRL CUI: 14200840 0.6% 17 further suppliers 2.1%
DIRECTIA GENERALA DE ASISTENTA SOCIALA SI PROTECTIA COPILULUI CUI: 17093020 155 Whole period 5,363,134 5,361,137 1,997 40 1,388 7,244 SPICUL 2 SRL CUI: 622194 84.6%
SPICUL 2 SRL CUI: 622194 84.6% FIVE CONTINENTS GROUP SRL CUI: 16351776 6.2% FIVE CONTINENTS SRL CUI: 14400295 5.5% MA CRISTINA SRL CUI: 4255520 3.6% ANCA FARM SRL CUI: 13150581 0.0% 1 further suppliers 0.0%
REGIA AUTONOMA AEROPORTUL DELTA DUNARII TULCEA RA CUI: 2647128 349 Whole period 5,361,600 4,866,555 488,210 6,835 64 18,115 8,323 HELVE AVIATECH SRL CUI: 27562973 91.2%
HELVE AVIATECH SRL CUI: 27562973 91.2% COL-AIR AIRPORT SOLUTIONS SRL CUI: 38262629 2.5% GIA TECHNOLOGY SRL CUI: 14786456 2.2% ATSA INDUSTRY SRL CUI: 17047970 1.5% PREMIUM LIFT DISTRIBUTION SRL CUI: 41880557 0.8% 24 further suppliers 1.8%
MUNICIPIUL MIERCUREA-CIUC CUI: 4245747 302 Whole period 5,338,460 4,619,697 163,275 555,488 31 9,704 9,472 COMPUTER TRADE SRL CUI: 9913650 97.3%
COMPUTER TRADE SRL CUI: 9913650 97.3% MAIN COUNTER SRL CUI: 43080526 1.6% DIXINFO SRL CUI: 31332603 0.8% MEDIAFORCE SRL CUI: 15592415 0.3% KELE KONYV VAR SRL CUI: 28839232 0.0%
COMPANIA NATIONALA DE CAI FERATE CFR SA CUI: 11054529 791 Whole period 5,327,856 4,650,540 570,190 107,126 123 3,237 8,625 REGISTRUL FEROVIAR ROMAN REFER RA CUI: 4283163 92.8%
REGISTRUL FEROVIAR ROMAN REFER RA CUI: 4283163 92.8% ALFATRUST CERTIFICATION SA CUI: 16477015 2.3% SRAC CERT SRL CUI: 22088675 1.7% DIGISIGN SA CUI: 17544945 1.1% CERTSIGN SA CUI: 18288250 1.1% 2 further suppliers 1.0%
DIRECTIA GENERALA DE ASISTENTA SOCIALA SI PROTECTIA COPILULUI CUI: 17094026 797 Whole period 5,306,655 3,822,620 1,484,035 89 2,022 7,383 VALAHIA GUARD SECURITY SRL CUI: 29109759 84.5%
VALAHIA GUARD SECURITY SRL CUI: 29109759 84.5% SGPI SECURITY FORCE SRL CUI: 24452844 15.5%
INSTITUTUL NATIONAL DE CERCETARE DEZVOLTARE PENTRU TEHNOLOGII IZOTOPICE SI MOLECULARE I N C D T I M CUI: 13221445 385 Whole period 5,285,160 4,778,500 319,654 187,006 97 2,909 8,667 NANOTEAM SRL CUI: 36665722 93.1%
NANOTEAM SRL CUI: 36665722 93.1% HYPO TECH & CONSULTING SRL CUI: 21011223 1.8% MEDIST LIFE SCIENCE SRL CUI: 24205119 1.7% APEL LASER SRL CUI: 15595373 1.0% TEHNO ELECTRO MEDICAL COMPANY SRL CUI: 217930 0.6% 17 further suppliers 1.9%
SALUBRIZARE SECTOR 5 SA CUI: 42049930 249 Whole period 5,284,769 4,990,400 294,369 38 6,357 8,062 EST AUTOAGROSERV SRL CUI: 30953165 89.7%
EST AUTOAGROSERV SRL CUI: 30953165 89.7% REAL MIRO GAZ SRL CUI: 26418482 3.3% NEW DESIGN COMPOSITE SRL CUI: 14564786 2.5% ALTERNATIVE FUELS ROMANIA SRL CUI: 10149116 2.3% C & A CAR ROUTE SRL CUI: 32133234 1.5% 3 further suppliers 0.7%
MINISTERUL TRANSPORTURILOR SI INFRASTRUCTURII CUI: 13633330 604 Whole period 5,281,523 5,281,523 49 544 9,119 COMPANIA NATIONALA DE TRANSPORTURI AERIENE ROMANE TAROM SA CUI: 477647 95.5%
COMPANIA NATIONALA DE TRANSPORTURI AERIENE ROMANE TAROM SA CUI: 477647 95.5% TRAVEL TIME D&R SRL CUI: 17926970 2.7% BEST TRAVEL INTERNATIONAL SRL CUI: 14522942 0.6% OLIMPIC INTERNATIONAL TURISM SRL CUI: 6519768 0.5% INTERNATIONAL SERVICE EXPERT SRL CUI: 19053464 0.3% 4 further suppliers 0.5%
TRANSURBIS SA CUI: 10683385 665 Whole period 5,265,786 4,794,396 471,390 44 1,049 9,949 TOMA MARIANA - ASISTENT IN BROKERAJ CUI: 35896974 99.7%
TOMA MARIANA - ASISTENT IN BROKERAJ CUI: 35896974 99.7% GROUPAMA ASIGURARI SA CUI: 6291812 0.2% ASIGURAREA ROMANEASCA - ASIROM VIENNA INSURANCE GROUP SA CUI: 336290 0.0%
UNITATEA MILITARA UM02489 CUI: 3346980 722 Whole period 5,263,124 4,596,672 666,452 34 6,623 7,729 MAGUAY COMPUTERS SRL CUI: 12167046 87.3%
MAGUAY COMPUTERS SRL CUI: 12167046 87.3% INFO WORLD SRL CUI: 13373052 9.9% ASOCIATIA PENTRU CALITATE IN LABORATOARE CALILAB CUI: 19024175 1.6% INNOVATE INFORMATIONAL TECHNOLOGY SRL CUI: 25231140 0.7% HEMAT - ROM SRL CUI: 29643 0.3% 2 further suppliers 0.2%
UNIVERSITATEA DE STIINTE AGRONOMICE SI MEDICINA VETERINARA DIN BUCURESTI CUI: 14313954 244 Whole period 5,256,641 4,672,926 459,849 123,866 69 5,084 8,311 AGRICOVER DISTRIBUTION SA CUI: 13443360 91.1%
AGRICOVER DISTRIBUTION SA CUI: 13443360 91.1% NUTRIVET SRL CUI: 16534757 3.8% COM PRODEX SRL CUI: 3876146 1.7% DIAPLANT INTERAGRO SRL CUI: 9956716 1.2% AGRISAN SRL CUI: 14347442 0.6% 25 further suppliers 1.6%
HDS-SERVICII PUBLICE SRL CUI: 43482469 441 Whole period 5,226,889 4,717,986 508,903 42 20,522 8,239 VESTRA INDUSTRY SRL CUI: 15969249 90.3%
VESTRA INDUSTRY SRL CUI: 15969249 90.3% BUCOVINA ELECTRO TOP SRL CUI: 17971008 9.6% FUSION ROMANIA SRL CUI: 3404500 0.2%
INSTITUTUL CLINIC FUNDENI CUI: 4204003 791 Whole period 5,224,351 4,797,790 351,287 75,274 34 3,237 8,718 SCA ZAMFIRESCU RACOTI VASILE AND PARTNERS CUI: 8056279 93.3%
SCA ZAMFIRESCU RACOTI VASILE AND PARTNERS CUI: 8056279 93.3% CENTRUL DE CALCUL SA CUI: 2163993 3.2% SOCIETATE CIVILA PROFESIONALA DE AVOCATI ALEXE SI ASOCIATII CUI: 16882360 2.5% RINA SIMTEX - ORGANISMUL DE CERTIFICARE SRL CUI: 12351790 0.9% CERTSIGN SA CUI: 18288250 0.0% 2 further suppliers 0.0%
AEROPORTUL INTERNATIONAL AVRAM IANCU CLUJ RA CUI: 2882425 316 Whole period 5,203,831 4,454,691 749,140 130 10,564 7,057 UTI CONSTRUCTION AND FACILITY MANAGEMENT SA CUI: 18165761 83.6%
UTI CONSTRUCTION AND FACILITY MANAGEMENT SA CUI: 18165761 83.6% EUROPARTNER CONCEPT SRL CUI: 34558282 6.0% GENERAL SECURITY SRL CUI: 11160619 5.0% PROMELEK XXI SA CUI: 6845993 2.9% MAGOFFICE WEB SRL CUI: 39572393 0.8% 16 further suppliers 1.8%
MINISTERUL MEDIULUI APELOR SI PADURILOR CUI: 16335444 604 Whole period 5,195,582 4,591,350 604,232 121 544 7,847 TOURING EUROPABUS ROMANIA SRL CUI: 7177280 88.4%
TOURING EUROPABUS ROMANIA SRL CUI: 7177280 88.4% TRAVEL TIME D&R SRL CUI: 17926970 5.0% OLIMPIC INTERNATIONAL TURISM SRL CUI: 6519768 2.9% WENS TOUR SRL CUI: 9219790 1.8% DANCO PRO COMMUNICATION SRL CUI: 9482566 1.0% 5 further suppliers 0.9%
COLEGIUL TEHNIC ENERGETIC REMUS RADULET BRASOV CUI: 29379264 454 Whole period 5,180,963 5,180,963 46 20,588 8,541 EVGO CONSTRUCT SRL CUI: 7365187 92.3%
EVGO CONSTRUCT SRL CUI: 7365187 92.3% RIAL SRL CUI: 1107650 3.3% TERMO BAROC SRL CUI: 29339081 3.2% MELIOR SRL CUI: 22162658 1.1% SORICRIS TERM SRL CUI: 17684680 0.1%
SOCIETATEA DE TRANSPORT BUCURESTI STB SA CUI: 1589886 314 Whole period 5,159,593 4,280,065 627,172 252,356 98 7,448 8,776 CARANDA BATERII SRL CUI: 1560677 93.7%
CARANDA BATERII SRL CUI: 1560677 93.7% AGEXIMCO SRL CUI: 428091 1.2% UNCAS - NICU SRL CUI: 15393935 1.0% SAWEXIM SRL CUI: 16493517 0.7% MESSYSTECH SRL CUI: 11471879 0.7% 15 further suppliers 2.8%
UNIVERSITATEA TEHNICA GHEORGHE ASACHI DIN IASI CUI: 4701606 324 Whole period 5,152,107 3,856,669 1,295,438 81 4,398 7,653 BLUENOTE COMMUNICATIONS SA CUI: 15146404 87.3%
BLUENOTE COMMUNICATIONS SA CUI: 15146404 87.3% ALIANT BUSINESS SOLUTIONS SRL CUI: 980141 4.2% ETA2U SRL CUI: 1801821 1.6% QUARTZ MATRIX SRL CUI: 5150840 1.2% EAST NET SERVICE SRL CUI: 40492298 1.2% 20 further suppliers 4.5%
SPITALUL JUDETEAN DE URGENTA TG-JIU CUI: 4448067 241 Whole period 5,150,801 4,723,070 427,731 50 1,197 9,973 MESSER ROMANIA GAZ SRL CUI: 10547308 99.9%
MESSER ROMANIA GAZ SRL CUI: 10547308 99.9% ARTEGO SA CUI: 2157428 0.1% EVOREVO SRL CUI: 32761476 0.0%
AQUABIS SA CUI: 566787 249 Whole period 5,138,896 4,266,288 872,608 99 6,357 8,446 ECO SISTEM PROIECT SRL CUI: 9567115 91.8%
ECO SISTEM PROIECT SRL CUI: 9567115 91.8% DEF IMPEX 92 SRL CUI: 48296475 2.0% SADACHIT PRODCOM SRL CUI: 5360833 2.0% BIOCHEM REAGENTS SRL CUI: 36378962 1.2% MEDICLIM SRL CUI: 6300279 0.7% 11 further suppliers 2.4%
COMUNA TATARANI CUI: 4344430 453 Whole period 5,104,616 3,268,007 1,836,609 58 15,874 9,195 AMIRAS C&L IMPEX SRL CUI: 917713 95.8%
AMIRAS C&L IMPEX SRL CUI: 917713 95.8% FIR CONSTRUCT SRL CUI: 24447724 3.7% INFOBIT CONSULT SRL CUI: 22871277 0.4% REPAREMO SERV SRL CUI: 36877105 0.1%

451-475 of 649 results

Rows per page: 25 50 100
Contracting authority
The authority that spent. The name leads to its profile.
CPV group
The three-digit CPV group: the market the index is computed on.
Year
The year the market was tested in. Whole period is a separate test on the money of every year together, with higher floors; it is not the sum of the years, and a market flagged in a year can be missing from it.
Spent
The money spent in this market. Underneath, by stream (tenders, direct, offline), each linked to the listing it was computed from.
Awards
How many awards the market holds. The lowest possible index depends on it: 10,000 divided by this number.
Suppliers used
How many suppliers were paid. Click the figure to list them under the row, with each one's share.
Suppliers in market
How many suppliers sold in this CPV group across the country that year. A high index with five suppliers nationally is the market; with nine hundred, it is a choice.
HHI
The sum of the squared shares, times 10,000: 10,000 means a single supplier. The hint beside the figure shows the lowest possible value for the number of awards.
Leading supplier
The supplier with the largest share, and its share. The supplier filter searches every supplier in the market.

The same data, through the API

Every figure on this page comes from the public API, through the endpoints below. The parameters each one takes are in the documentation; each needs an access key.

  • /api/v1/red-flags/concentrare/distribution
  • /api/v1/red-flags/concentrare
  • /api/v1/red-flags/concentrare/years
  • /api/v1/red-flags/overview/years
  • /api/v1/red-flags/concentrare/cpv-spend

Open data and API