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Medium risk #10 Concentration

Supplier concentration (HHI)

Markets where an authority's money went to a few suppliers, although the country had hundreds.

The Herfindahl-Hirschman index (HHI) shows how concentrated a market is: 10,000 means a single supplier; the lower it is, the more suppliers share the money. Here a market is one authority, one CPV group and one year. The CPV group matters: over all of an authority's suppliers the index would measure what it bought, not who it bought from. The same authority can have competition for fuel and a single supplier for IT services.

Flagged markets

649

Money in flagged markets

51.28 Bn.

Mean index (money-weighted)

9,013

Flagged markets by year

Years marked * are not fully covered by the data: 2018, 2026.

Concentrated money, by CPV group

The 12 largest CPV groups by value; the other 101 are added into a single tile.

National concentration index by year

The index, like the rate in the year chart, is computed on every market checked, not only the flagged ones.

How it is computed

The index is computed per market, not per authority, and only on money spent.

  1. Every award in the three streams (tenders, direct purchases and offline purchases) since 2018 is taken.
  2. Each award gets its CPV group (three digits), supplier and year: the contract date for tenders, the finalisation date for the others. A contract over several lots is split by estimated value; an association's contract is split among its members.
  3. Money is added up by authority, CPV group, year and supplier. Each market is also tested once over the whole period, on the money of every year together, where a supplier present in three years holds one share.
  4. The index is the sum of the squared supplier shares, times 10,000. The lowest possible value is 10,000 divided by the number of awards.
  5. Only markets large enough are included: above the money and award thresholds. A market with three awards cannot go below 3,333, however fairly it was shared.
  6. Markets with an index above the threshold are flagged, if the country had enough suppliers in the CPV group for a choice to exist.

Thresholds

  • Flagging threshold: an HHI of at least 7,000
  • At least 10 awards in a year, 30 over the whole period
  • At least 500,000 RON in a year, 3,000,000 RON over the whole period
  • At least 20 suppliers active in the CPV group nationally

The index says nothing about lawfulness: a concentrated market can come from fair tenders won by the same bidder every time. Markets below the thresholds above are left out, and framework agreements are excluded.

The CPV group approximates the market. Some groups are local monopolies (waste, water, district heating), where the national supplier count overstates the buyer's real choice, and the indicator will flag them. The Suppliers in the market column helps recognise them.

The full explanation, on the methodology page

The whole period is not the sum of the years. Each market is tested once more, on the money of every year together: supplier shares are taken over the whole period, and the floors are higher (30 awards and 3,000,000 RON). A market can be flagged in a year without being flagged over the whole period, for example when one supplier took everything in one year but shared the market in the others. Choose a year to see the markets flagged in it.

Contracting authority CPV group Year Spent Awards Suppliers used Suppliers in market HHI Leading supplier
JUDETUL DAMBOVITA CUI: 4280205 302 Whole period 28,904,581 27,720,430 1,184,151 193 9,704 9,038 MAGUAY COMPUTERS SRL CUI: 12167046 95.0%
MAGUAY COMPUTERS SRL CUI: 12167046 95.0% INFOBIT CONSULT SRL CUI: 22871277 2.0% COMPUTECH SRL CUI: 15025380 0.9% SAFETY TECHNOLOGY SRL CUI: 25146010 0.7% FLAX COMPUTERS SRL CUI: 14639030 0.4% 21 further suppliers 1.1%
JUDETUL TULCEA CUI: 4321607 906 Whole period 28,824,896 28,717,056 107,840 57 3,141 9,925 MEGA EDIL AG SRL CUI: 16815019 99.6%
MEGA EDIL AG SRL CUI: 16815019 99.6% SERVICII PUBLICE SA CUI: 22618640 0.4%
DIRECTIA GENERALA REGIONALA A FINANTELOR PUBLICE BUCURESTI CUI: 4193117 641 Whole period 28,603,766 28,515,531 88,235 44 1,062 10,000 COMPANIA NATIONALA POSTA ROMANA SA CUI: 427410 100.0%
COMPANIA NATIONALA POSTA ROMANA SA CUI: 427410 100.0%
SOCIETATEA NATIONALA NUCLEARELECTRICA SA CUI: 10874881 805 Whole period 28,509,230 27,797,698 39,131 672,401 30 4,261 9,453 KINECTRICS NUCLEAR ROMANIA SRL CUI: 5042040 97.2%
KINECTRICS NUCLEAR ROMANIA SRL CUI: 5042040 97.2% UNIVERSITATEA POLITEHNICA DIN BUCURESTI CUI: 4183199 0.7% DAN AUTOCOND SRL CUI: 8364279 0.7% INSTITUTUL NATIONAL DE CERCETARE - DEZVOLTARE PENTRU SECURITATE MINIERA SI PROTECTIE ANTIEXPLOZIVA - INSEMEX PETROSANI CUI: 2664676 0.3% AVSEC SECURITY SERVICES SRL CUI: 13567784 0.2% 19 further suppliers 1.0%
COMPANIA NATIONALA DE CAI FERATE CFR SA BUCURESTI SUCURSALA REGIONALA DE CAI FERATE IASI CUI: 15670513 909 Whole period 27,671,403 27,671,403 30 6,478 7,947 GHENUTA SRL CUI: 7444663 88.4%
GHENUTA SRL CUI: 7444663 88.4% ISIS COMPREST SRL CUI: 7230813 11.6%
GARDA DE COASTA CUI: 29521430 501 Whole period 27,606,419 27,206,042 397,621 2,756 230 13,073 7,426 EUROPARTS SERVICES SRL CUI: 14686414 85.1%
EUROPARTS SERVICES SRL CUI: 14686414 85.1% CONVENABIL SRL CUI: 7898600 13.5% MARCTEL - SIT SRL CUI: 10453050 0.5% RENT CAR SERVICE LITORAL SRL CUI: 1883996 0.4% UTILNAVOREP SA CUI: 1905300 0.3% 6 further suppliers 0.2%
ADMINISTRATIA DOMENIULUI PUBLIC SECTOR 2 CUI: 4266260 453 Whole period 27,556,424 3,064,757 2,112,010 22,379,657 123 15,874 7,252 ELECTRICA POWER CONECT SRL CUI: 23258735 84.6%
ELECTRICA POWER CONECT SRL CUI: 23258735 84.6% COMPANIA MUNICIPALA ILUMINAT PUBLIC BUCURESTI SRL CUI: 37832144 10.0% PRODIMAR INSTALATII SRL CUI: 26190456 1.2% PANFOX PROTECT SRL CUI: 28878274 1.0% AQUAJET SRL CUI: 14793739 0.6% 14 further suppliers 2.6%
COMUNA FUNDU MOLDOVEI CUI: 4326760 452 Whole period 26,999,099 24,216,394 2,777,105 5,600 54 29,228 7,495 CALCARUL SA CUI: 7220224 86.4%
CALCARUL SA CUI: 7220224 86.4% PROLUX SRL CUI: 24293048 3.2% BUCOVINA ENERGO CONSULT SRL CUI: 20745370 3.2% TERMOHABITAT SRL CUI: 30688468 3.2% DARMAN DIVERS SRL CUI: 41661484 2.8% 8 further suppliers 1.4%
AEROPORTUL IASI RA CUI: 9671409 508 Whole period 26,762,890 25,890,854 872,036 55 11,645 7,127 MIRA TECHNOLOGIES GROUP SRL CUI: 24526828 83.9%
MIRA TECHNOLOGIES GROUP SRL CUI: 24526828 83.9% UTI CONSTRUCTION AND FACILITY MANAGEMENT SA CUI: 18165761 8.1% MB TELECOM-LTD SRL CUI: 6612564 3.5% ZOORK SRL CUI: 37836928 2.4% BUSINESS PLUS SRL CUI: 15732322 0.8% 13 further suppliers 1.3%
COMPANIA DE APA TARGOVISTE-DAMBOVITA SA CUI: 10084149 384 Whole period 26,015,010 24,548,610 1,425,301 41,099 238 5,086 7,393 VESTRA INDUSTRY SRL CUI: 15969249 85.8%
VESTRA INDUSTRY SRL CUI: 15969249 85.8% GRADINARIU TRUCKS SOLUTIONS SRL CUI: 37158728 3.3% MICRONIX PLUS SRL CUI: 7996366 3.3% CTE SOLUTION - UTILAJE SPECIALIZATE SRL CUI: 26234021 3.3% BUROM COM SRL CUI: 6721189 0.4% 64 further suppliers 3.9%
DIRECTIA GENERALA REGIONALA A FINANTELOR PUBLICE BUCURESTI CUI: 4193117 797 Whole period 25,925,958 25,888,714 37,244 68 2,022 9,971 INTEGRA GUARD SRL CUI: 31003163 99.9%
INTEGRA GUARD SRL CUI: 31003163 99.9% SMART IMPEX DISTRIBUTION SRL CUI: 31284336 0.1% EVOTRACKING SRL CUI: 24974708 0.0%
CAMERA DEPUTATILOR CUI: 4265795 604 Whole period 25,181,072 25,181,072 45 544 10,000 COMPANIA NATIONALA DE TRANSPORTURI AERIENE ROMANE TAROM SA CUI: 477647 100.0%
COMPANIA NATIONALA DE TRANSPORTURI AERIENE ROMANE TAROM SA CUI: 477647 100.0%
COMPANIA NATIONALA IMPRIMERIA NATIONALA SA CUI: 2779625 722 Whole period 25,138,529 22,402,620 2,545,229 190,680 142 6,623 7,166 KONTRON SERVICES ROMANIA SRL CUI: 5175054 84.0%
KONTRON SERVICES ROMANIA SRL CUI: 5175054 84.0% PRIMATEHNIC SERVICE SRL CUI: 14348324 9.2% ADVICE INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY SRL CUI: 33870820 4.2% SISTEC BUSINESS SOLUTIONS SRL CUI: 16630053 1.4% QUARTZ MATRIX SRL CUI: 5150840 0.5% 4 further suppliers 0.7%
INSPECTORATUL DE POLITIE AL JUDETULUI ARAD CUI: 3519836 452 Whole period 24,864,826 23,809,666 870,353 184,807 42 29,228 9,171 CONSTRUCTII ERBASU SA CUI: 430008 95.8%
CONSTRUCTII ERBASU SA CUI: 430008 95.8% ALECSANDRU STEFAN ACS METAL INTREPRINDERE FAMILIALA CUI: 17916496 0.8% IVASCU EXCEED SRL CUI: 40439456 0.8% TERMOCONSTRUCT IZOREX SRL CUI: 30035450 0.6% INSTAL AREA SRL CUI: 39257930 0.5% 12 further suppliers 1.6%
ADMINISTRATIA ROMANA A SERVICIILOR DE TRAFIC AERIAN ROMATSA RA CUI: 1589932 642 Whole period 24,524,919 23,473,047 1,050,922 950 36 1,123 8,658 ORANGE ROMANIA COMMUNICATIONS SA CUI: 427320 92.9%
ORANGE ROMANIA COMMUNICATIONS SA CUI: 427320 92.9% VODAFONE ROMANIA SA CUI: 8971726 5.2% DATANET SYSTEMS SRL CUI: 10363046 1.3% ORANGE ROMANIA SA CUI: 9010105 0.5% DIGI ROMANIA SA CUI: 5888716 0.0% 3 further suppliers 0.0%
MUNICIPIUL MEDGIDIA CUI: 4301456 601 Whole period 24,237,912 22,551,861 663,441 1,022,610 47 8,118 8,649 METROPOLITAN SRL CUI: 6579441 92.8%
METROPOLITAN SRL CUI: 6579441 92.8% ARTVER CENTER SRL CUI: 31032622 6.6% BOLAT GORDEL PERSOANA FIZICA AUTORIZATA CUI: 55381263 0.4% ESDUR AUTO SRL CUI: 29388440 0.1% SERVCOM-ADRIAN SRL CUI: 2979372 0.1% 4 further suppliers 0.1%
COMPANIA DE APA SA CUI: 22987337 384 Whole period 24,133,021 22,741,941 1,391,080 234 5,086 8,803 VESTRA INDUSTRY SRL CUI: 15969249 93.8%
VESTRA INDUSTRY SRL CUI: 15969249 93.8% PROCESS ENGINEERING SRL CUI: 16217333 1.2% PERSPECTIVE MANAGEMENT SRL CUI: 18971430 1.0% INSTRUMENTS CHT SRL CUI: 8897824 1.0% I D M DINAMIC SRL CUI: 7037953 0.7% 35 further suppliers 2.3%
MUNICIPIUL BRASOV CUI: 4384206 391 Whole period 23,850,428 23,015,331 796,077 39,020 30 12,698 7,620 BEST ACHIZITII SRL CUI: 32125703 87.2%
BEST ACHIZITII SRL CUI: 32125703 87.2% FLAMATEX SRL CUI: 19163599 3.2% DNS BIROTICA SRL CUI: 16310679 2.6% CONTAG SRL CUI: 2324178 1.7% 4M BUSINESS SRL CUI: 31856985 1.6% 18 further suppliers 3.8%
SPITALUL JUDETEAN DE URGENTA TULCEA CUI: 4026712 851 Whole period 23,641,917 22,026,635 1,569,682 45,600 120 7,725 7,407 CARDIOSCAN SRL CUI: 27883540 85.9%
CARDIOSCAN SRL CUI: 27883540 85.9% TEF IMAGISTIC SRL CUI: 46392298 4.4% PROBIO ECO EXPERT SRL CUI: 32060620 3.2% IMAGISTTEO PLAN SRL CUI: 40449760 1.9% METROPOLIS MEDICAL CENTER SRL CUI: 20442775 1.1% 13 further suppliers 3.6%
COMPANIA DE APA SOMES SA CUI: 201217 794 Whole period 23,448,709 21,099,885 1,448,464 900,360 46 10,641 8,123 RAMBOLL SOUTH EAST EUROPE SRL CUI: 12540535 90.1%
RAMBOLL SOUTH EAST EUROPE SRL CUI: 12540535 90.1% IC PROTECT CONSULT SRL CUI: 24379948 1.8% KNOW CONCEPT SRL CUI: 16223564 1.4% TQM CONSULTING SRL CUI: 17618368 1.4% ERNST & YOUNG SRL CUI: 1551105 1.1% 13 further suppliers 4.3%
COMPANIA DE APA ORADEA SA CUI: 54760 384 Whole period 23,329,680 22,363,138 960,942 5,600 79 5,086 9,136 FLUID GROUP HAGEN SRL CUI: 13430603 95.6%
FLUID GROUP HAGEN SRL CUI: 13430603 95.6% HIDRONIC SRL CUI: 24829074 2.3% CEFAIN CONSTRUCT SRL CUI: 24721160 0.6% INSTAL CASA SRL CUI: 14666999 0.3% SIEMCROM GRUP SRL CUI: 23367040 0.2% 30 further suppliers 1.1%
SERVICIUL DE AMBULANTA CUI: 7480097 501 Whole period 23,280,693 22,986,530 293,660 503 142 13,073 9,749 AINODEKAM SRL CUI: 2647357 98.7%
AINODEKAM SRL CUI: 2647357 98.7% CONVENABIL SRL CUI: 7898600 0.4% IVAS SRL CUI: 1646221 0.2% FLORDELV 94 RAC SRL CUI: 41710234 0.2% STAR BETON TOP SRL CUI: 28975552 0.2% 7 further suppliers 0.3%
AGENTIA NATIONALA PENTRU OCUPAREA FORTEI DE MUNCA CUI: 11370190 302 Whole period 22,893,576 22,233,576 605,935 54,065 75 9,704 7,416 TRENCADIS CORP SRL CUI: 20415754 85.8%
TRENCADIS CORP SRL CUI: 20415754 85.8% PRAS CONSULTING SRL CUI: 14688083 6.5% UNION CO SRL CUI: 16591086 1.5% 2NET COMPUTER SRL CUI: 8586712 1.1% PRAGMA COMPUTERS SRL CUI: 3164881 1.0% 33 further suppliers 4.1%
SPITALUL CLINIC MUNICIPAL DE URGENTA TIMISOARA CUI: 4483447 316 Whole period 22,696,026 21,198,220 1,451,531 46,275 390 10,564 8,143 VARINAK EUROPE SRL CUI: 26193622 90.1%
VARINAK EUROPE SRL CUI: 26193622 90.1% SIEMENS HEALTHCARE SRL CUI: 36153005 3.3% ELSTAD LUXEL SRL CUI: 8259907 2.4% ELECTRONIC BDK SRL CUI: 1825782 2.1% ALFATECH-AL SOLUTIONS SRL CUI: 30920680 1.1% 26 further suppliers 1.0%
ADMINISTRATIA ROMANA A SERVICIILOR DE TRAFIC AERIAN ROMATSA RA CUI: 1589932 324 Whole period 22,691,511 21,951,638 726,117 13,756 278 4,398 9,511 DATANET SYSTEMS SRL CUI: 10363046 97.5%
DATANET SYSTEMS SRL CUI: 10363046 97.5% SENETIC DISTRIBUTION SRL CUI: 35620943 0.1% DIGIDAL 3D SRL CUI: 47104520 0.1% MRA FACILITY GRUP SRL CUI: 50692277 0.1% SMART CHOICE SRL CUI: 17491492 0.1% 100 further suppliers 2.0%

126-150 of 649 results

Rows per page: 25 50 100
Contracting authority
The authority that spent. The name leads to its profile.
CPV group
The three-digit CPV group: the market the index is computed on.
Year
The year the market was tested in. Whole period is a separate test on the money of every year together, with higher floors; it is not the sum of the years, and a market flagged in a year can be missing from it.
Spent
The money spent in this market. Underneath, by stream (tenders, direct, offline), each linked to the listing it was computed from.
Awards
How many awards the market holds. The lowest possible index depends on it: 10,000 divided by this number.
Suppliers used
How many suppliers were paid. Click the figure to list them under the row, with each one's share.
Suppliers in market
How many suppliers sold in this CPV group across the country that year. A high index with five suppliers nationally is the market; with nine hundred, it is a choice.
HHI
The sum of the squared shares, times 10,000: 10,000 means a single supplier. The hint beside the figure shows the lowest possible value for the number of awards.
Leading supplier
The supplier with the largest share, and its share. The supplier filter searches every supplier in the market.

The same data, through the API

Every figure on this page comes from the public API, through the endpoints below. The parameters each one takes are in the documentation; each needs an access key.

  • /api/v1/red-flags/concentrare/distribution
  • /api/v1/red-flags/concentrare
  • /api/v1/red-flags/concentrare/years
  • /api/v1/red-flags/overview/years
  • /api/v1/red-flags/concentrare/cpv-spend

Open data and API