The Herfindahl-Hirschman index (HHI) shows how concentrated a market is: 10,000 means a single supplier; the lower it is, the more suppliers share the money. Here a market is one authority, one CPV group and one year. The CPV group matters: over all of an authority's suppliers the index would measure what it bought, not who it bought from. The same authority can have competition for fuel and a single supplier for IT services.
Flagged markets
15
Money in flagged markets
167.15 Mn.
Mean index (money-weighted)
9,081
Flagged markets by year
Years marked * are not fully covered by the data: 2018, 2026.
Concentrated money, by CPV group
The 12 largest CPV groups by value; the other 101 are added into a single tile.
National concentration index by year
The index, like the rate in the year chart, is computed on every market checked, not only the flagged ones.
How it is computed
The index is computed per market, not per authority, and only on money spent.
- Every award in the three streams (tenders, direct purchases and offline purchases) since 2018 is taken.
- Each award gets its CPV group (three digits), supplier and year: the contract date for tenders, the finalisation date for the others. A contract over several lots is split by estimated value; an association's contract is split among its members.
- Money is added up by authority, CPV group, year and supplier. Each market is also tested once over the whole period, on the money of every year together, where a supplier present in three years holds one share.
- The index is the sum of the squared supplier shares, times 10,000. The lowest possible value is 10,000 divided by the number of awards.
- Only markets large enough are included: above the money and award thresholds. A market with three awards cannot go below 3,333, however fairly it was shared.
- Markets with an index above the threshold are flagged, if the country had enough suppliers in the CPV group for a choice to exist.
Thresholds
- Flagging threshold: an HHI of at least 7,000
- At least 10 awards in a year, 30 over the whole period
- At least 500,000 RON in a year, 3,000,000 RON over the whole period
- At least 20 suppliers active in the CPV group nationally
The index says nothing about lawfulness: a concentrated market can come from fair tenders won by the same bidder every time. Markets below the thresholds above are left out, and framework agreements are excluded.
The CPV group approximates the market. Some groups are local monopolies (waste, water, district heating), where the national supplier count overstates the buyer's real choice, and the indicator will flag them. The Suppliers in the market column helps recognise them.
The whole period is not the sum of the years. Each market is tested once more, on the money of every year together: supplier shares are taken over the whole period, and the floors are higher (30 awards and 3,000,000 RON). A market can be flagged in a year without being flagged over the whole period, for example when one supplier took everything in one year but shared the market in the others. Choose a year to see the markets flagged in it.
| Contracting authority | CPV group | Year | Spent | Awards | Suppliers used | Suppliers in market | HHI | Leading supplier |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ADMINISTRATIA NATIONALA A REZERVELOR DE STAT SI PROBLEME SPECIALE CUI: 26288978 | 151 PRODUSE DE ORIGINE ANIMALA, CARNE SI PRODUSE DIN CARNE | Whole period | 29,059,216 29,059,216 | 81 | 1,457 | 10,000 | SCANDIA FOOD SRL CUI: 16070576 100.0% | |
|
The market's suppliers: The suppliers of the market on the row above, with each one's share: the five largest, and the rest added into one entry.
SCANDIA FOOD SRL CUI: 16070576 100.0%
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| DIRECTIA DE ASISTENTA SOCIALA CUI: 4344406 | 151 PRODUSE DE ORIGINE ANIMALA, CARNE SI PRODUSE DIN CARNE | Whole period | 22,265,800 22,264,146 1,654 | 524 | 1,457 | 7,173 | COMSORADI SRL CUI: 6202149 83.6% | |
|
The market's suppliers: The suppliers of the market on the row above, with each one's share: the five largest, and the rest added into one entry.
COMSORADI SRL CUI: 6202149 83.6%
OLYMEL FLAMINGO FOOD SRL CUI: 25347278 13.2%
IMDIA SRL CUI: 15884509 2.2%
MATRA SRL CUI: 6287579 1.0%
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| UNITATEA MILITARA 01932 CUI: 4443256 | 151 PRODUSE DE ORIGINE ANIMALA, CARNE SI PRODUSE DIN CARNE | Whole period | 21,606,886 21,606,886 | 37 | 1,457 | 10,000 | NISARA IMPEX SRL CUI: 8566375 100.0% | |
|
The market's suppliers: The suppliers of the market on the row above, with each one's share: the five largest, and the rest added into one entry.
NISARA IMPEX SRL CUI: 8566375 100.0%
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| DIRECTIA GENERALA DE ASISTENTA SOCIALA SI PROTECTIA COPILULUI BUZAU CUI: 17091470 | 151 PRODUSE DE ORIGINE ANIMALA, CARNE SI PRODUSE DIN CARNE | Whole period | 17,526,421 17,311,268 201,205 13,948 | 164 | 1,457 | 9,959 | COMSORADI SRL CUI: 6202149 99.8% | |
|
The market's suppliers: The suppliers of the market on the row above, with each one's share: the five largest, and the rest added into one entry.
COMSORADI SRL CUI: 6202149 99.8%
COM FORTUNA 93 SRL CUI: 3491220 0.1%
ALERIM 2007 SRL CUI: 22553010 0.0%
DA SILVA SRL CUI: 18907097 0.0%
ADINEX SRL CUI: 5564531 0.0%
1 further suppliers
0.0%
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| DIRECTIA GENERALA DE ASISTENTA SOCIALA SI PROTECTIA COPILULUI CUI: 17300924 | 151 PRODUSE DE ORIGINE ANIMALA, CARNE SI PRODUSE DIN CARNE | Whole period | 12,763,934 12,702,344 61,590 | 593 | 1,457 | 7,867 | COMSORADI SRL CUI: 6202149 88.2% | |
|
The market's suppliers: The suppliers of the market on the row above, with each one's share: the five largest, and the rest added into one entry.
COMSORADI SRL CUI: 6202149 88.2%
MATRA SRL CUI: 6287579 9.4%
RADICSTAR SRL CUI: 4917490 2.2%
FERMA COCOSU ROSU SRL CUI: 33316655 0.2%
RETACOM SRL CUI: 3209240 0.1%
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| DIRECTIA GENERALA DE ASISTENTA SOCIALA SI PROTECTIA COPILULUI OLT CUI: 9746625 | 151 PRODUSE DE ORIGINE ANIMALA, CARNE SI PRODUSE DIN CARNE | Whole period | 10,548,842 10,543,474 5,368 | 56 | 1,457 | 8,607 | MATRA SRL CUI: 6287579 92.6% | |
|
The market's suppliers: The suppliers of the market on the row above, with each one's share: the five largest, and the rest added into one entry.
MATRA SRL CUI: 6287579 92.6%
ADCON SRL CUI: 5189319 4.1%
DOIMAN COM SRL CUI: 6488610 2.7%
OLYMEL FLAMINGO FOOD SRL CUI: 25347278 0.6%
|
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| DIRECTIA GENERALA DE ASISTENTA SOCIALA SI PROTECTIA COPILULUI - IALOMITA CUI: 9670462 | 151 PRODUSE DE ORIGINE ANIMALA, CARNE SI PRODUSE DIN CARNE | Whole period | 8,674,358 8,406,584 267,774 | 401 | 1,457 | 8,497 | COMSORADI SRL CUI: 6202149 91.9% | |
|
The market's suppliers: The suppliers of the market on the row above, with each one's share: the five largest, and the rest added into one entry.
COMSORADI SRL CUI: 6202149 91.9%
GEOCOR TRADE IMP-EXP SRL CUI: 14255365 7.2%
EL CASIO COM SRL CUI: 9064636 0.7%
COMIGA PROD IMPEX SRL CUI: 3821620 0.2%
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| DIRECTIA GENERALA DE ASISTENTA SOCIALA SI PROTECTIA COPILULUI ARGES CUI: 9742496 | 151 PRODUSE DE ORIGINE ANIMALA, CARNE SI PRODUSE DIN CARNE | Whole period | 8,605,389 8,605,389 | 30 | 1,457 | 9,372 | MATRA SRL CUI: 6287579 96.8% | |
|
The market's suppliers: The suppliers of the market on the row above, with each one's share: the five largest, and the rest added into one entry.
MATRA SRL CUI: 6287579 96.8%
RADICSTAR SRL CUI: 4917490 3.3%
|
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| DIRECTIA DE ASISTENTA SOCIALA BAIA MARE CUI: 14728757 | 151 PRODUSE DE ORIGINE ANIMALA, CARNE SI PRODUSE DIN CARNE | Whole period | 7,711,130 7,711,130 | 50 | 1,457 | 10,000 | CARMANGERIA-DALIA SRL CUI: 2200390 100.0% | |
|
The market's suppliers: The suppliers of the market on the row above, with each one's share: the five largest, and the rest added into one entry.
CARMANGERIA-DALIA SRL CUI: 2200390 100.0%
|
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| SPITALUL JUDETEAN DE URGENTA SLATINA CUI: 4394927 | 151 PRODUSE DE ORIGINE ANIMALA, CARNE SI PRODUSE DIN CARNE | Whole period | 7,406,227 6,481,621 924,606 | 88 | 1,457 | 8,634 | MATRA SRL CUI: 6287579 92.7% | |
|
The market's suppliers: The suppliers of the market on the row above, with each one's share: the five largest, and the rest added into one entry.
MATRA SRL CUI: 6287579 92.7%
MARIMIH PATI PRODUCT SRL CUI: 37646524 5.8%
APRO-COM-IMPEX SRL CUI: 9279406 1.5%
|
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| SPITALUL MUNICIPAL PLOIESTI CUI: 2844227 | 151 PRODUSE DE ORIGINE ANIMALA, CARNE SI PRODUSE DIN CARNE | Whole period | 6,526,444 6,509,530 16,914 | 47 | 1,457 | 9,253 | MATRA SRL CUI: 6287579 96.2% | |
|
The market's suppliers: The suppliers of the market on the row above, with each one's share: the five largest, and the rest added into one entry.
MATRA SRL CUI: 6287579 96.2%
CARLAND SRL CUI: 11180179 2.1%
MCA COMERCIAL SRL CUI: 13219828 1.5%
SELGROS CASH & CARRY SRL CUI: 11805367 0.3%
METRO CASH & CARRY ROMANIA SRL CUI: 8119423 0.0%
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| ADMINISTRATIA SERVICIILOR SOCIALE COMUNITARE CUI: 2843566 | 151 PRODUSE DE ORIGINE ANIMALA, CARNE SI PRODUSE DIN CARNE | Whole period | 4,124,134 4,090,519 33,615 | 61 | 1,457 | 9,985 | MATRA SRL CUI: 6287579 99.9% | |
|
The market's suppliers: The suppliers of the market on the row above, with each one's share: the five largest, and the rest added into one entry.
MATRA SRL CUI: 6287579 99.9%
ROMCONSTANT IMPEX GHEORGHE STEFANICA SRL CUI: 5351487 0.1%
FALCONS SRL CUI: 4214864 0.0%
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| PENITENCIARUL MIOVENI CUI: 24972170 | 151 PRODUSE DE ORIGINE ANIMALA, CARNE SI PRODUSE DIN CARNE | Whole period | 3,626,190 3,618,890 2,485 4,815 | 335 | 1,457 | 8,000 | MATRA SRL CUI: 6287579 89.3% | |
|
The market's suppliers: The suppliers of the market on the row above, with each one's share: the five largest, and the rest added into one entry.
MATRA SRL CUI: 6287579 89.3%
VALCOM 50 SRL CUI: 2795060 3.1%
IRINEL SRL CUI: 190258 2.1%
DOIMAN COM SRL CUI: 6488610 2.1%
BLACK SEA EURO INVESTMENTS SRL CUI: 21211132 1.6%
7 further suppliers
1.9%
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| CAMINUL PENTRU PERSOANE VIRSTNICE IDECIU DE JOS CUI: 4641520 | 151 PRODUSE DE ORIGINE ANIMALA, CARNE SI PRODUSE DIN CARNE | Whole period | 3,606,834 3,191,137 415,697 | 287 | 1,457 | 9,486 | CARMACO AGRO SRL CUI: 33489818 97.4% | |
|
The market's suppliers: The suppliers of the market on the row above, with each one's share: the five largest, and the rest added into one entry.
CARMACO AGRO SRL CUI: 33489818 97.4%
PROD IMPEX MONICA SRL CUI: 1257704 1.6%
COMVIG IMPEX SRL CUI: 1235455 0.9%
SELGROS CASH & CARRY SRL CUI: 11805367 0.2%
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| COMPLEXUL SPORTIV NATIONAL LIA MANOLIU BUCURESTI CUI: 4203890 | 151 PRODUSE DE ORIGINE ANIMALA, CARNE SI PRODUSE DIN CARNE | Whole period | 3,096,996 1,458,569 1,638,427 | 1,480 | 1,457 | 8,263 | SELGROS CASH & CARRY SRL CUI: 11805367 90.6% | |
|
The market's suppliers: The suppliers of the market on the row above, with each one's share: the five largest, and the rest added into one entry.
SELGROS CASH & CARRY SRL CUI: 11805367 90.6%
MACROMEX SRL CUI: 5052558 6.3%
METRO CASH & CARRY ROMANIA SRL CUI: 8119423 3.1%
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- Contracting authority
- The authority that spent. The name leads to its profile.
- CPV group
- The three-digit CPV group: the market the index is computed on.
- Year
- The year the market was tested in. Whole period is a separate test on the money of every year together, with higher floors; it is not the sum of the years, and a market flagged in a year can be missing from it.
- Spent
- The money spent in this market. Underneath, by stream (tenders, direct, offline), each linked to the listing it was computed from.
- Awards
- How many awards the market holds. The lowest possible index depends on it: 10,000 divided by this number.
- Suppliers used
- How many suppliers were paid. Click the figure to list them under the row, with each one's share.
- Suppliers in market
- How many suppliers sold in this CPV group across the country that year. A high index with five suppliers nationally is the market; with nine hundred, it is a choice.
- HHI
- The sum of the squared shares, times 10,000: 10,000 means a single supplier. The hint beside the figure shows the lowest possible value for the number of awards.
- Leading supplier
- The supplier with the largest share, and its share. The supplier filter searches every supplier in the market.
The same data, through the API
Every figure on this page comes from the public API, through the endpoints below. The parameters each one takes are in the documentation; each needs an access key.
/api/v1/red-flags/concentrare/distribution/api/v1/red-flags/concentrare/api/v1/red-flags/concentrare/years/api/v1/red-flags/overview/years/api/v1/red-flags/concentrare/cpv-spend