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High risk #01 Slicing

Artificial slicing of direct purchases

Repeated direct purchases from one supplier, each below the legal ceiling, together above it.

A large need is covered by several direct purchases from the same supplier, in the same CPV group and the same year, each below the legal ceiling (today 270,120 lei for goods and services and 900,400 lei for works; half that until September 2022). Together they pass the ceiling, and the tender the law requires is avoided. Computed on direct purchases only.

Slicing groups

39

Cumulative flagged value

33.49 Mn.

Average direct purchases per group

87.2

Flagged groups by year

Years marked * are not fully covered by the data: 2018, 2026.

Flagged value by CPV group

The 10 largest CPV groups by value; the other 242 are added into a single tile.

How it is computed

Computed on every direct purchase from 2018 to today.

  1. Direct purchases with a supplier (CUI) and a CPV code are kept.
  2. They are grouped on five keys: the authority, the supplier, the first three digits of the CPV code, the year and the contract type.
  3. Groups with a single purchase are dropped: one purchase alone is not slicing.
  4. For each group the purchase values are added up, and the average and the largest are computed.
  5. The ceiling is the one in force on the day each purchase was published, for its contract type. In the years the ceiling changed (2018, 2022) the group splits in two, each part with its own ceiling.
  6. The group is flagged when its total passes the ceiling. The purchases are not judged one by one: their sum is what counts.

Thresholds

Purchases published Goods and services Works
until 03.06.2018Legea 98/2016 132,519 441,730
04.06.2018 – 09.09.2022OUG 45/2018 135,060 450,200
from 10.09.2022Legea 208/2022 270,120 900,400

Ceilings exclude VAT (Legea 98/2016, art. 7(5)). Each purchase is compared with the ceiling in force on the day it was published. The ceilings and procedures, explained.

  • At least two direct purchases to the same supplier, in the same CPV group and year

Direct purchases only. Tenders and framework agreements are not counted.

Grouping uses the first three CPV digits, so different products of the same family land in one group. That is how the legal ceiling applies too, but it can join purchases that do not replace one another.

The full explanation, on the methodology page

Contracting authority Supplier CPV group Contract type Year Direct purchases Cumulative value Average per purchase Largest purchase
RAJA SA CUI: 1890420 PROGRES STYLE SRL CUI: 14824525 441 furnizare ceiling 135,060 2019 284 3,922,339 13,811 109,188
RAJA SA CUI: 1890420 PROGRES STYLE SRL CUI: 14824525 441 furnizare ceiling 135,060 2020 290 3,400,439 11,726 120,900
RAJA SA CUI: 1890420 PROGRES STYLE SRL CUI: 14824525 441 furnizare ceiling 270,120 2023 321 2,653,809 8,267 89,000
RAJA SA CUI: 1890420 PROGRES STYLE SRL CUI: 14824525 441 furnizare ceiling 135,060 2021 331 2,642,212 7,983 117,600
RAJA SA CUI: 1890420 PROGRES STYLE SRL CUI: 14824525 441 furnizare ceiling 135,060 2022 01.01–09.09 353 2,571,217 7,284 99,000
RAJA SA CUI: 1890420 PROGRES STYLE SRL CUI: 14824525 441 furnizare ceiling 270,120 2026 226 2,209,883 9,778 51,792
RAJA SA CUI: 1890420 PROGRES STYLE SRL CUI: 14824525 441 furnizare ceiling 135,060 2018 04.06–31.12 202 2,107,412 10,433 78,792
RAJA SA CUI: 1890420 PROGRES STYLE SRL CUI: 14824525 441 furnizare ceiling 270,120 2024 222 1,753,061 7,897 51,025
RAJA SA CUI: 1890420 PROGRES STYLE SRL CUI: 14824525 441 furnizare ceiling 270,120 2025 100 1,147,502 11,475 134,663
RAJA SA CUI: 1890420 PROGRES STYLE SRL CUI: 14824525 421 furnizare ceiling 135,060 2019 59 947,560 16,060 106,525
RAJA SA CUI: 1890420 PROGRES STYLE SRL CUI: 14824525 441 furnizare ceiling 270,120 2022 10.09–31.12 70 734,794 10,497 176,280
RAJA SA CUI: 1890420 PROGRES STYLE SRL CUI: 14824525 442 furnizare ceiling 135,060 2019 39 598,860 15,355 62,860
RAJA SA CUI: 1890420 PROGRES STYLE SRL CUI: 14824525 421 furnizare ceiling 135,060 2020 47 585,914 12,466 134,250
RAJA SA CUI: 1890420 PROGRES STYLE SRL CUI: 14824525 444 furnizare ceiling 135,060 2022 01.01–09.09 106 499,647 4,714 22,587
RAJA SA CUI: 1890420 PROGRES STYLE SRL CUI: 14824525 444 furnizare ceiling 135,060 2020 52 450,213 8,658 77,800
RAJA SA CUI: 1890420 PROGRES STYLE SRL CUI: 14824525 444 furnizare ceiling 135,060 2018 04.06–31.12 41 445,059 10,855 55,375
RAJA SA CUI: 1890420 PROGRES STYLE SRL CUI: 14824525 441 furnizare ceiling 132,519 2018 01.01–03.06 59 434,218 7,360 34,666
RAJA SA CUI: 1890420 PROGRES STYLE SRL CUI: 14824525 421 furnizare ceiling 135,060 2018 04.06–31.12 33 422,797 12,812 94,120
RAJA SA CUI: 1890420 PROGRES STYLE SRL CUI: 14824525 444 furnizare ceiling 135,060 2019 31 385,561 12,437 52,916
RAJA SA CUI: 1890420 PROGRES STYLE SRL CUI: 14824525 444 furnizare ceiling 270,120 2024 85 383,797 4,515 16,120
RAJA SA CUI: 1890420 PROGRES STYLE SRL CUI: 14824525 442 furnizare ceiling 135,060 2020 19 376,882 19,836 131,725
RAJA SA CUI: 1890420 PROGRES STYLE SRL CUI: 14824525 444 furnizare ceiling 135,060 2021 61 361,980 5,934 51,846
RAJA SA CUI: 1890420 PROGRES STYLE SRL CUI: 14824525 444 furnizare ceiling 270,120 2023 87 361,271 4,153 11,900
RAJA SA CUI: 1890420 PROGRES STYLE SRL CUI: 14824525 155 furnizare ceiling 135,060 2019 5 354,240 70,848 100,000
RAJA SA CUI: 1890420 PROGRES STYLE SRL CUI: 14824525 442 furnizare ceiling 135,060 2018 04.06–31.12 15 331,449 22,097 110,115

1-25 of 39 results

Rows per page: 25 50 100
Contracting authority
The authority that made the purchases. It had to run a tender once the ceiling was passed.
Supplier
The company that received every purchase in the group.
CPV group
The first three digits of the CPV code: the family of goods or services bought.
Contract type
Supply, services or works. The type and the date set the ceiling, shown under the type.
Year
The year of publication. In 2018 and 2022, when the ceiling changed, the year holds two groups, with the period shown under the year.
Direct purchases
How many direct purchases the group holds (at least two).
Cumulative value
The group's purchases added up. This is compared with the ceiling.
Average per purchase
The cumulative value divided by the number of purchases. A small average beside a large total is the typical sign of slicing.
Largest purchase
The largest purchase in the group. If it sits just below the ceiling, see indicator #02 too.
Opens the group's direct purchases: same authority, supplier, CPV group, year and contract type.

The same data, through the API

Every figure on this page comes from the public API, through the endpoints below. The parameters each one takes are in the documentation; each needs an access key.

  • /api/v1/reference/years
  • /api/v1/reference/contract-types
  • /api/v1/red-flags/fractionare
  • /api/v1/red-flags/overview/years
  • /api/v1/red-flags/fractionare/cpv-spend

Open data and API